题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.1972年，斯坦福研制MYCIN专家系统，他是一种帮助医生对住院的血液感染患者进行诊断和选用抗菌素类药物进行治疗的人工智能专家系统，在临床应用中获得巨大成功
B.1980年，CMU为DEC设计了一套名为XCON的“专家系统”，取得巨大成功，标志着人工智能发展的第二次高潮的到来
C.DENDRAL专家系统是一种帮助化学家判断某待定物质的分子结构的专家系统，由斯坦福大学研制，1965年开始研制，1968年研制成功，它的出现标志着人工智能的一个新领域——专家系统的诞生
D.专家系统是早期人工智能的一个重要分支，由知识表示和知识推理技术来模拟通常由领域专家才能解决的复杂问题
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更多“关于专家系统(Expert system)，下列说法正确的是…”相关的问题
It is defined that facing an expert system ______.
A．is like interacting with a human who has some type of expertise
B．can help you learn things better
C．makes you release your nervousness in front of an expert
D．can save your time to meet an expert
听力原文： Villages in developing countries often lack many things: books, clean water and electricity. These shortages are easy to see, but a different kind of shortage is not easy to see. That is the shortage of experts.
Many villages have no doctors, engineers, or scientists. They have no one who knows how to treat unusual medical problems or design a new energy system. There is a way to solve these problems. They can do it with computers. In the past few years, computer scientists around the world have developed what they call expert system.
An expert system is a special kind of computer program. In some situations, it can take the place of human expert. For example, an expert medical system can help care for a sick person. A question appears on the computer screen "Is this person hot？" You tell the computer either "Yes" or "No". The computer asks other questions, "Has the person lost any blood？" "Can the person move normal[y？" you answer. The computer continues to ask questions until it has enough information to make a decision. Then it tells what medicine or other treatment is needed. In this way, the expert system takes the place of a doctor. Another kind of expert system takes the place of an engineer. It measures the flow of water in the river. It tells if a dam can be built on the river. It also tells how much electricity can be produced. Still other kinds of expert systems help solve problems for farmers and owners of small business.
(26)
A．Lack of clean water.
B．Lack of electricity.
C．Shortage of experts.
D．Shortage of books.
We can guess that ______.
A．one expert's knowledge and expertise is enough to make a successful speech- recognition system
B．a good understanding of the fundamentals of speech recognition is not important if one is an expert
C．general knowledge is necessary to solve the present speech recognition problem
D．an in-depth discussion of fundamentals will solve the most difficult problem in speech-recognition
听力原文： Villages in developing countries often lack many things--books, clean water, electricity. These shortages are easy to see. But a different kind of shortage is not easy to see. That is a shortage of experts. Many villages have no doctors, engineers or scientists. They have no one who knows how to treat unusual medical problems or design a new expert system. There's a way to ease these problems. They can do it with computers. In the past few years, computer scientists around the world have developed what they call expert systems. An expert system is a special kind of computer program. In some situations, it can take the place of a human expert. For example, an expert in medical system can help care for a sick person. A question appears on the computer screen, "Is the person hot？" You tell the computer either yes or no. The computer asks other questions. "Has the person lost any blood？" "Can the person move normally？" You answer. The computer continues to ask questions until it has enough information to make a decision. Then it tells what medicine or other treatment is needed. In this way the expert system takes the place of a doctor. Another kind of expert system takes the place of an engineer. It measures the flow of water in a river. It tells if a dam can be built on the river. It also tells how much electricity can be produced. Still other kinds of expert systems help solve problems for farmers and owners of small businesses.
(23)
A．Lack of electricity.
B．Shortage of books.
C．Lack of clean water.
D．Shortage of experts.
听力原文： Villages in developing countries often lack many things. Books, clean water, electricity. These shortages are easy to see. But a different kind of shortage is not easy to see. That is a shortage of experts. Many villages have no doctors, engineers or scientists. They have no one who knows how to treat unusual medical problems or design a new energy system. Them' s a way to ease these problems. They can de it with computers. In the past few years, computer scientists around the world have developed what they call expert systems. An expert system is a special kind of computer program. In some situations, it can take the place of a human expert. For example, an expert in medical system can help care for a sick person. A question appears on the computer screen, "Is the person hot？" You tell the computer either yes or no. The computer asks other questions. "Has the person lest any blood？" "Can the person move normally？" You answer. The computer continues to ask questions until it has enough information to make a decision. Then it tells what medicine or other treatment is needed. In this way the ex pert system takes the place of a doctor. Another kind of expert system takes the place of an engineer. It measures the flow of water in a river. It tells if a dam can be built on the river. It also tells how much electricity can be produced. Still other kinds of expert systems help solve problems for farmers and owners of small businesses.
(30)
A．Lack of electricity.
B．Shortage of books.
C．Lack of clean water.
D．Shortage of experts.
选出应填入下面一段英语中______内的正确答案。
The approach we propose is a system-oriented methodology for knowledge acquisition, this orientation emphasizes ongoing documentation throughout each cycle and technique applied. Program-wide documentation is suggested, both for the purpose ofinternal(1)and for later verification and(2)efforts. The documentation system we propose includes a central "knowledge acquisition(3)" which is(4)to reflect knowledge acquisition plans, session nodes, and domain expert participation. Specifically,(5)within the database system include knowledge acquisition forms, which document plans for, and notes from, knowledge acquisition session, domain expert file, and rule content forms.
从下面提供的答案中选出应填入下列英文语句中______内的正确答案。
While most recent attention in the AI field has been focused on expert system software, AI(1)has also seen dramatic advances. Activity in the past years was characterized by new low-cost, powerful LISP machines, the introduction of A1 workstations, LISP compilers becoming available for all major professional and engineering workstations, and the personal computer emerging as a(2)tool for expert system development .The next few years will see this technology evolve further.
Because the(3)of an AI computer represents a sizeable investment, companies should carefully(4)all options that are available as well as have a good idea of what the next generation of systems will offer in order to(5)the optimum system. This publication provides the information necessary to gain this understanding.
供选择的答案：
(1) choice (2) read (3) important (4) software (5) hardware
(6) significant (7) emergence (8) survey (9) purchase (10) select
听力原文： In all economic systems today, most businesses of any size rely on one system of organization: the division of labor. This means that the workers are specialized. Each worker has a particular duty to perform. as one part of the whole operation.
A good example of the division of labor is an assembly line in an automobile factory. One worker may install a door while another adds lights. Normally, workers stay in one place, and a conveyor belt moves the product to them. If one worker had the responsibility of producing an entire car, he or she might be able to complete one each year. By comparison, factories with assembly lines may produce an average of about thirty-five cars a years per worker.
The division of labor permits mass production, but it does have some disadvantages. For one thing, few people know or understand all aspects of an operation, In addition, mass production may be more efficient, but many workers complain that they get little job satisfaction from working on one small duty, day after day, To them, there is much more satisfaction in doing a job from beginning to end.
(33)
A．The division of labor means that workers are general.
B．The division of labor means that workers are specialized.
C．The division of labor means that each worker is in charge of the whole operation.
D．The division of labor means each worker has to be an expert in one area.
M: It is a good system. It has fine treble, soft bass and perfect surround effects.
W: What did you buy this expensive system for？ Do you like music？
M: Very much. I like music so much that the moment I get home I'll turn on my stereo.
W: You are crazy about music.
M: Yes, I am. I can't live without it.
W: What type of music do you like the most？
M: I enjoy listening to almost all categories of music -- classical, jazz, country-western, the heavy metal type of rock ... Yes, my favorite music is new age -- I'm really very fond of it.
W: I'd suggest that you should major in music instead of English.
M: Absolutely. But English is fine. I like English as much as music. I wish I were a double major. Actually I'm more fascinated and delighted with the hardware of music reproduction.
W: The hardware of music reproduction？
M: I mean musical instruments, such as the bone whistles of the Stone Age and the digital Synthesizers of this age.
W: You certainly are an expert on music. May I ask you a question？
M: Sure.
W: I hear people talk about "hi-fi". Is it a sound system or something else？
M: It's popularly known as a stereo system. A more accurate definition is a stereo system that reproduces music very realistically with high fidelity quality. In the early stage, a hi-fi system used compact cassettes containing magnetic tape.
W: A cassette-tape player？
M: Right, but the weakness is that it produces annoying "hiss" noise while playing.
W: This was one of the reasons why I bought a CD player when the cassette player broke down.
M: The CD system' will soon be out of date, replaced by some improved technology.
W: Yes, I Believe it won't take long before the change occurs.
(23)
A．Jazz.
B．Classical.
C．New age.
D．Country western.
选出应填入下面一段英语中______内的正确答案。
During the past years, intelligent technology has evolved(1)three generations. The first was characterized by tools such as Prolog and OPS. Prolog is a simple backward-chaining environment, and OPS is a simple forward-chaining environment.
This led to the second generation of knowledge-engineering environments. Its goal was to model, prototype and construct(2)systems.
All three generations were oriented toward generic(3)and represented generalized implementation environments for the construction of expert system, knowledge based and AI applications.
Some of the solution-oriented products are also seamlessly integrated with generic knowledge-engineering enviroments, permitting users to add(4)rules and objects, as well as predefined knowledge-base logic to address problems in manufacturing simulation.
Marketplace orientation is rapidly(5)toward solution-oriented intelligent product environments. The fourth generation represents a new line of thinking and development by commercial firms will reduce the cost, risk and development time associated with problem solving.
供选择的答案：
(1) software (2) custom (3) control (4) having
(5) shifting (6) search (7) database (8) knowledge
(9) after (10) through (11) problem solving (12) by
INFORMATION SECURITY SPECIALIST
NOTE：Please directly through this website，as well as emailing your resume as an attachment to us at resumes@ictva.com
JOB DESCRIPTION:
Establishes and satisfies highly challenging and complex information system security(ISS) requirements based upon the analysis of user，operational，policy，regulatory，and resource demands.Supports the development，implementation，and operation of ISS-enabling technologies, processes, and procedures into client systems and networks.Also requires an expert understanding of security policy advocated by the U.S Government including Department of Defense and other agencies，e.g.，Treasury，as well as commercial best security practices.
EDUCATION:
Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science or related fields.
REQUIRED SKILLS:
ISS Policy，Procedures，and Planning，RACF，LAN，LIFE CYCLE，Microsoft NT，Network Security，Office Automation Tools.
LOCATION:
New Carrollton，Maryland or Falls Church, Virginia
CONTACT US AT:
resumes@icta.com
U.S. Citizenship or U.S. Permanent Resident status required for employment.
A job advertisement
Position offered: -46-
Responsibilities：to establish and satisfy -47- requirements
Qualifications：1. -48- degree
2.required skills
Citizenship required：US Citizenship or -49-
Way of contact：by -50-
