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Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.
请问2015年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷1第75题如何翻译？
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Translate the sentence into Chinese.
Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.
College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon said it is important that woman be flexible when it comes to relocating if they want to rise in the ranks. Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus many times, in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work. Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequities will exist.“Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University.” Spirduso said. “If they do that will be successful in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time.”
1.According to Spirduso, women need to ____.
A、spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination
B、call for further improvement in their working conditions
C、spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities
D、produce a report on sexual discrimination
2.From this passage ,we know that _____.
A、there are many women full professors in the University of Texas
B、women play an important part in administrating the University
C、the weather on the campus is chilly
D、women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University
3.Which of the following statements is true？
A、the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985
B、the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985
C、the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985
D、e and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University
4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.
A、women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the University
B、women were given information about available administrative jobs
C、women were told to concentrate on their work
D、women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities
5.The title for this passage should be _______.
A、The University of Texas
B、Sexual Discrimination in Academia
C、Women Professors
D、Milburn's Report
根据下面材料，回答题。
Women in Job Market
Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milbum produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not encouraging Women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1987 update, Milbum commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.
One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform. women of available administrative jobs.
College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon, said it is important that woman be flexible when it comes to relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.
Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.
Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequities will exist.
"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."
According to Spirduso， women need to __________. 查看材料
A.produce a report on sexual discrimination
B.call for further improvement in their working conditions
C.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination
D.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities
(1)Twenty-five years ago most women().
A.had no children
B.worked
C.weren’t housewives
D.were housewives
(2)In those days men ().
A.saw their children in the evenings and on weekends
B.spent a lot of time with their children
C.played with the children all day
D.never saw the children
(3)Today there are ().
A.more housewives
B.more women working outside the home
C.not so many women working
D.no jobs for women
(4)Day-care centers help ().
A.working mothers with their children
B.housewives
C.with cooking and cleaning
D.women with the housework
(5)This passage is about ().
A.housewives
B.American men
C.how many American women are working
D.how family life in America is changing
阅读材料，回答题：
New Changes in American Life
Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of laB．or. Menworked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked themeals and took care of the home and the children. __________ (46) but by the middle of this centu-ry, men&39;s and women&39;s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.
In the 1950s, economicand social success was the goal of the typical American. but in the1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. __________(47)The counterculture presen-ted men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to sharechild-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communalhomes or farms where the economiC．and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both se-xes.__________(48) Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Viet-nam.
In terms of numB．ers, the counterculture was not A．very large group of people. __________ (49)Working men of all classesbegan to change their economicand social patterns. Industrial workersand business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisuretime with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situa-tions to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.
In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women&39;s liB．eration, produced additional economicand social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force ingreater numbers. __________ (50) but some women began to enter traditionally male occupations :
police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, andequal opportunities for promotion.
Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of menand women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.
A．In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier.
B．Most of them still took traditional women&39;s jobs as publicschool teaching, nursing, andsecretarial work.
C．These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity forwomen to exchange their roles.
D．but its influence spread to many parts of American society.
E．The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals.
F．A．great many jobs that used to belong to men are now taken by women.
根据上面选项，回答（46）题
查看材料
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
根据材料，回答题。
New Changes in American Life
Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families， while women cooked themeals and took care of the home and the children. __________. （46） But by the middle of this century， men"s and women"s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.
In the 1950s， economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. __________. （47）The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare， men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact， some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. __________. （48） Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.
In terms of numbers， the counterculture was not a very large group of people. __________. （49）Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors， lawyers， and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods. In the 1970s， the feminist movement， or women".s liberation， produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. __________. （50） But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work， banking， dentistry， and consttruction work. Women were asking for equal work， and equal opportunities for promotion.
Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally， there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.
回答（46）题。 查看材料
A.In addition， many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier.
B.Most of them still took traditional women"s jobs as public school teaching， nursing， and secretarial work.
C.These roles were firmly fixed for most people， and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles.
D.But its influence spread to many parts of American society.
E.The people involved in this movement did not Value the middle-class American goals.
F.A great many jobs that used to belong to men are now taken by women.
In the 1950s, economic and social success was the aim of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force called the counterculture developed. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in child care, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. Actually some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and child care responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Iraq.
In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.
In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women's liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women's jobs such as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.
Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these changes.
Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 1？
A．Women usually worked outside the home for wages.
B．Men's and women's roles were easily exchanged in the past.
C．Men's roles at home was more firmly fixed than women's.
D．Men's and women's roles were usually quite separated in the past.
(30)
A．By making comfortable clothes.
B．By predicting new fashion.
C．By constantly changing the fashions.
D．By improving the quality of the clothes.
If women are mercilessly (无情地) exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big store.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy (反复无常) and instability？ Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？ That is for you to decide.
Designers and big stores always make money______.
A．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B．by predicting new fashions
C．by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing
D．by attaching importance to quality women's clothing
