题目内容
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The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in Chicago.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
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更多“The first Labor Day holiday wa…”相关的问题
The first legislation of Labor Day was passed by Oregon on February 21, 1885.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march ________.
A) immediately won nationwide support
B) involved workers from 30 states
C) was opposed by many factory owners
D) was organized by the UBCJ
The History of Labor Day
Labor Day: How it Came About; What it Means
"Labor Day differs in every essential way from the other holidays of the year in any country," said Samuel Gompers, founder and longtime president of the American Federation of Labor. "All other holidays are in a more or less degree connected with conflicts and battles of man's power over man, of strife and discord for greed and power, of glories achieved by one nation over another. Labor Day is devoted to no man, living or dead, to no sect, race, or nation."
Labor Day, the first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American workers. It constitutes a yearly national tribute to the contributions workers have made to the strength, prosperity, and well-being of our country.
Founder of Labor Day
More than 100 years after the first Labor Day observance, there is still some doubt as to who first proposed the holiday for workers. Some records show that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a cofounder of the American Federation of Labor, was first in suggesting a day to honor those "who from rude nature have delved and carved all the grandeur we behold." But Peter McGuire's place in Labor Day history has not gone unchallenged. Many believe that Matthew Maguire, a machinist, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. Recent research seems to support the contention that Matthew Maguire, later the secretary of Local 344 of the International Association of Machinists in Paterson, N.J., proposed the holiday in 1882 while serving as secretary of the Central Labor Union in New York. What is clear is that the Central Labor Union adopted a Labor Day proposal and appointed a committee to plan a demonstration and picnic.
The First Labor Day
The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883. In 1884 the first Monday in September was selected as the holiday, as originally proposed, and the Central Labor Union urged similar organizations in other cities to follow the example of New York and celebrate a "workingmen's holiday" on that date. The idea spread with the growth of labor organizations, and in 1885 Labor Day was celebrated in many industrial centers of the country.
Labor Day Legislation
Through the years the nation gave increasing emphasis to Labor Day. The first governmental recognition came through municipal ordinances passed during 1885 and 1886. From them developed the movement to secure state legislation. The first state bill was introduced into the New York legislature, but the first to become law was passed by Oregon on February 21, 1887. During the year four more states--Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York created the Labor Day holiday by legislative enactment. By the end of the decade Connecticut, Nebraska, and pennsylvania had followed suit. By 1894, 23 other states had adopted the holiday in honor of workers, and on June 28 of that year, Congress passed an act making the first Monday in September of each year a legal holiday in the District of Columbia and the territories.
A Nationwide Holiday
The form. that the observance and celebration of Labor Day should take were outlined in the first proposal of the holiday—a street parade to exhibit to the public "the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor organizations" of the community, followed by a festival for the recreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by prominent men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis w
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day match ______ .
A．immediately won nationwide support
B．involved workers from 30 states
C．was opposed by many factory owners
D．was organized by the UBCJ
In eighteen eighty-nine, Socialists held an international congress in Paris. They chose May first as a workers' holiday and a day for demonstrations. Since then, the first of May has been observed as International Labor Day.
The United States, however, had already settled on another day. Peter McGuire was a New York labor leader. He is said to have suggested the first Monday in September as a holiday to honor labor. He said it was a nice time of the year for a celebration. He suggested parades to show the strength of labor organizations. And he urged people to end the day with outdoor parties.
The first Labor Day celebration in the United States took place in New York City on September fifth, eighteen eighty-two. About ten thousand workers marched through the streets. Then everyone went to a park to eat a meal and hear speeches and music. The idea quickly spread throughout the country. In eighteen ninety-four, Congress approved a bill to declare Labor Day a national holiday.
For years, the first Monday in September was a day when American workers demonstrated for better conditions and pay. Today, the Labor Day weekend is mostly observed as a time to enjoy the last warm days of summer.
When did Americans celebrate May Day？
A．The 1st of May.
B．The 1st of September.
C．The 1st Monday in September.
D．The 1st Monday in May.
Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins a person. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not turn out any pin, each of them would have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one
There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new: it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to ______.
A．take advantage of the division of labor
B．understand the effects of the division of labor
C．explain the causes of the division of labor
D．introduce the division of labor into England
Passage 4
Many countries have a holiday to celebrate workers’rights on or around May 1, but Labour Day in Canada is celebrated on the first Monday of September. Canada&39;s Labour Day was _1_ celebrated in the spring but it was moved to the fall after 1894. The origins of Labour Day can be traced back to April 15, 1872, when the Toronto Trades Assembly organized Canada’s first significant _2_ for worker’s rights. The aim was to release the 24 leaders of the Toronto Typographical Union who were imprisoned for _3_ to campaign .for a nine-hour working day. At this time, trade unions were still illegal and what they did was seen as a criminal conspiracy to _4_ trade. In spite of this, the Toronto Trades Assembly was already a significant organization and encouraged workers to form. trade unions, _5_ in disputes between employers and employees and signaled the _6_ of workers. There was _7_ public support for the demonstration and the authorities could no longer deny the important role that the trade unions had to play in the _8_ Canadian democratic society. A few months later, a similar demonstration was organized in Ottawa and passed the house of Canada’s first prime minister, Sir John Macdonald. Later in the day, he appeared before the gathering and promised to _9_ all Canadian laws against trade unions. This happened in the same year and _10_ led to the founding of the Canadian Labour Congress In 1883. A similar holiday，Labor Day is held on the same day in the United States of America. Canadian trade unions are proud that this holiday was inspired by their efforts to improve workers’rights.
A) disrupt
B) enormous
C) lashed
D) muttering
E) striking
F) mediated
G) originally
H)perpetual eventually
J) emerging
K) gesture
L) mistreatment
M) abolish
N) parade
O) practically
第1空答案是：
Although Henry Ford's name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered67 even by today's standards.Safety 68 were improved, and the work day was 69 to eight hours, compared with the ten-or-twelve-hour day common at the time.In order to accommodate the shorter work day,the 70 factory was converted from two to three 71 .
72 , sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured 73 the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a 74 school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some 75 were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts（服刑囚犯）.
The most 76 acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was 77in order to recruit and 78 the best mechanics and to 79 the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in 80 of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced-in effect 81 a market for the product. In order to quality for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and 82 good personal habits,including sobriety,thriftiness,industriousness,and dependability.83 some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the 84 lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken 85 of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to 86 themselves in America.
67.
A. advanced
B. appropriate
C. accessible
D. acute
Different countries observe Labor Day in different ways.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
