题目内容
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If someone ever shed a tear _______ your drinking, then you are an alcoholic.
A: because of
B: because
C: as
D: since
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听力原文： Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？ Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pigeon can learn to recognize faces. We also tell people apart by how they behave, when we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person", you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. There are nearly 18, 000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing his personality. People have always tried to describe each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the main bad character or the hero's role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
(33)
A．People have different personalities.
B．People can learn to recognize faces.
C．People differ from each other in facial features.
D．People have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints.
M: I saw that article, too. But think, if someone runs into a drugstore for ten minutes, it's usually to make a specific purchase.
W: And someone who spends more time they may be just looking.
M: Exactly. Haven't you ever gone into a store thinking that you'd like to buy something, and then talk yourself out of it？
W: Yes, I have, especially when I thought I would get it for less elsewhere, or I really didn't need it after all.
M: Exactly. But if you run into buying something specific and have very little time. You pick it up, pay for it immediately and then leave.
W: That's true. Maybe we should learn a lesson from that. Take your time and you'll spend less money.
M: I doubt if that would be true in all stores, though. In a department store, for instance, you may see a sweater or something you never intended to buy, and buy it be cause you have time to look around.
(23)
A．The relationship of purchases to time spent in shopping.
B．The length of time required for drugstore shopping.
C．The increases in the size and stock of drugstores.
D．The buying of clothing from department stores.
M: I saw that article, too. But think, if someone runs into a drug store for 10 minutes, he is usually there to make a specific purchase.
W: And someone who spends more time there may be just looking？
M: Exactly. Haven't you ever gone into a store thinking that you'll buy something and then talk yourself out of it？
W: Yes, I have. Especially when I thought I could get it for less elsewhere, or I really didn't need it after all.
M: Exactly, but, if you run in to buy something specific and have very little time, you pick it up, pay for it immediately, and then leave.
W: That's true. Maybe we should learn a lesson from that. Take your time end you'll spend less money.
M: I doubt if that would be true in all stores though. In a department store, for instance, you may see a sweater or some thing you never intend to buy, and buy it because you have time to look around.
(20)
A．A druggist's suggestion.
B．An advertisement.
C．An article.
D．A salesclerk's comment.
【C1】
A．As
B．When
C．While
D．Whether
Sleep
Sleep is one of those funny things about being a human being -- you just have' to do it. Have you ever wondered why？ And what about the crazy dreams, like the one where a bad per son is chasing you and you can't run or yell. Does that make any sense？
Characteristics of Sleep
When we see someone sleeping, we recognize the following characteristics:
If possible, the person will lie down to go to sleep.
The person's eyes are closed.
The person doesn't hear anything unless it is a loud noise.
The person breathes in a slow, rhythmic pattern.
The person's muscles are completely relaxed. If sitting up, the person may fall out of his or her chair as sleep deepens.
During sleep, the person occasionally rolls over or rearranges his or her body. This happens approximately once or twice an hour. This may be ,the body's way of making sure that no part of the body or skin has its circulation cut off for too long a period of time.
In addition to these outward signs, the heart slows down and the brain does some pretty funky things.
In other words, a sleeping person is unconscious to most things happening in the environment. The biggest difference between someone who is asleep and someone who has fainted or gone into a coma is the fact that a sleeping person can be aroused if the stimulus is strong enough. If you shake the person, yell loudly or flash a bright light, a sleeping person will wake up.
Who Sleeps？
Reptiles(爬行动物), birds and mammals(哺乳动物)all sleep. That is, they become unconscious to their surroundings for periods of time. Some fish and amphibians reduce their aware ness but do not ever become unconscious like the higher vertebrates do. Insects do not appear to sleep, although they may become inactive in daylight or darkness.
By studying brainwaves, it is known that reptiles do not dream. Birds dream a little. Mammals all dream' during sleep.
Different animals sleep in different ways. Some animals, like humans, prefer to sleep in one long session. Other animals like to sleep in many short bursts. Some Sleep at night, while others sleep during the day.
Sleep and the Brain
If you attach an electroencephalograph to a person's head, you can record the person's brainwave activity. An awake and relaxed person generates alpha waves, which are consistent oscillations at about 10 cycles per second. An alert person generates beta waves, which are a bout twice as fast.
During sleep, two slower patterns called theta waves and delta waves take over. Theta waves have oscillations in the range of 3.5 to 7 cycles per second, and delta waves have oscillations of less than 3. 5 cycles per second. As a person falls asleep and sleep deepens, the brain wave patterns slow down. A person deep in delta wave sleep is hardest to wake up.
REM Sleep
At several points during the night, something unexpected happens -- rapid eye movement(REM)sleep occurs. Most people experience three to five intervals of REM sleep per night, and brainwaves during this period speed up to awake levels. If you ever watch a person or a dog experiencing REM sleep, you will see their eyes flickering back and forth rapidly. In many dogs and some people, arms, legs and facial muscles will twitch during REM sleep. Periods of sleep other than REM sleep are known as NREM(non-REM)sleep.
REM sleep is when you dream. If you wake up a person during REM sleep, the person can vividly recall dreams. If you wake up a person during NREM sleep, generally the person .will not be dreaming.
You must have both REM and NREM sleep to get a good night's sleep. A normal person will spend about 25 percent of the night in REM sleep, and the rest in NREM. A REM session -- a dream -- lasts five to 30 minutes.
When You Miss Som
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
W: I wrote my first finished story when I was about 6. It was about a small animal, a rabbit I mean, and I've been writing ever since.
M: Why did you choose to be an author？
W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do it. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing.
M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults？
W: My fast two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when I'm writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the idea that grabs me next!
M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter hooks come from？
W: I've no idea where ideas come from and I hope I never find out. It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny little wrinkle on the surface of my brain which makes me think about invisible train platforms.
M: How do you come up with the names of your characters？
W: I invented some of the names in the Harry books, but I also collect strange names. I've gotten them from medieval saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memorials, and people I've met!
What do we learn from the conversation about Ms. Rowling's first book？
A．It was about an ancient country.
B．It was a common people.
C．It was about a little animal.
D．It was about a king.
W: I wrote my first finished story when I was about 6. It was about a small animal, a rabbit I mean, and I've been writing ever since.
M: Why did you choose to be an author？
W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding' someone to pay you to do it. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing.
M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults？
W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when I'm writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the idea that grabs me next!
M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from？
W: I've no idea where ideas come from and I hope I never find out, it would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny little wrinkle on the surface of my brain which makes me think about invisible train platforms.
M: How do you come up with the names of your characters？
W: I invented some of the names in the Harry books, but I also collect strange names. I've gotten them from medieval saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memorials, and people I've met!
M: Oh, you are really resourceful.
What do we learn from the conversation about Miss Rowling's first book？
A．It was about a little animal.
B．It took her six years to write.
C．It was adapted from a fairy tale.
D．It was about a little girl and her pet.
Adopt-A-Book at Leeds University Library
Is there a book that means a lot to you？ A book that has encouraged you？ A book that is of great value in the history of a subject you care about？ A book with some personal importance to you？ A work by Shakespeare, Isaac Newton, Tolkien—or something only you would think of ？
If there is, there may well be a copy in Leeds University Library's Special Collections, and from as little as ￡25 you can Adopt-A-Book at Leeds. We will place a bookplate in the book recording your support for the Library. You can also adopt a book as a gift for someone else—perhaps to celebrate a special event, like a birthday or wedding.
Please help us to protect our rare (珍稀的) books and keep them safe for present and future users. Our copies of many of the most important works ever printed are kept in safe conditions and the collections are well known worldwide. They are consulted (参阅) by thousands of students and researchers visiting from all over the world, and you may have worked with the valuable works yourself during your studies. When you adopt a healthy book, you help us to revive (使复苏) another that's not so fit!
The writer uses questions at the beginning ______.
A．to show the value of works by Shakespeare, Newton and Tolkien
B．to show the popularity of the library with students and teachers
C．to draw readers' attention to the low price for adopting a book
D．to draw readers' attention to the Adopt-A-Book program.
【C1】
A．how
B．where
C．when
D．whether
