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Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields （盾) toward the sun.The flashes refl

Greek soldiers sent messages by turning their shields (盾) toward the sun. The flashes reflected light could be seen several miles away. The enemy did not know what the flashes meant, but other Greek soldiers could understand the messages.

Roman soldiers in some places built long rows of signal towers. When they had a message to send, the soldiers shouted it from tower to tower. If there were enough towers and enough soldiers with loud voices, important news could be sent quickly over distance.

In Africa, people learned to send messages by beating on a series of large drums (鼓). Each drum was kept within hearing distance of the next one. The drum beats were sent out in a special way that all the drummers understood. Though the messages were simple, they could be sent at great speed for hundreds of miles.

In the eighteenth century, a French engineer found a new way to send short messages. In this way, a person held a flag in each hand and the arms were moved to various positions representing different letters of the alphabet. It was like spelling out words with flags and arms.

Over a long period of time, people sent messages by all these different ways. However, not until the telephone was invented in America in the nineteenth century could people send speech sounds over a great distance in just a few seconds.

According to this passage, the Roman way of communication depended very much upon______.

A．fine weather

B．high tower

C．the spelling system

D．arm movements

答案

B
解析：从第二段可以推知答案为B。

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更多“Greek soldiers sent messages b…”相关的问题

第1题

What Henry Dunant do during the battle between the French and Austrian armies？A．He sent su

What Henry Dunant do during the battle between the French and Austrian armies？

A．He sent surgeons to serve in the army.

B．He provided soldiers with medical supplies.

C．lie recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.

D．He helped to flee the prisoners of war.

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第2题

Ancient Greek Values①Ancient Greek civilization has greatly helped the building oftoday&39

Ancient Greek Values

①Ancient Greek civilization has greatly helped the building oftoday&39;s society. Many countries now still base their laws and ethics (伦理）on the teachings and doings of ancient Greeks. In everyday life, ancientGreeks valued loyalty, glory intelligence and hospitality (好客).These mayseem simple values, but they did effectively shape ancient Greece into amost referenced culture in history.

②During ancient Greece, men were required to go to school andlearn. Boys were taught at home until they were 6 years old and thensent off to school Ancient Greek schools featured a structure that hadboys in school from the age of six until fourteen and then an optionaladditional four years. The boys were trained in arts and in citizen training. Citizen training prepared Greek boys for two aspects of adult life, whichwere peace and war.

③Glory for young men in ancient Greece was the same as fame toyoung people today. Stories of war glories and battles were handed down to young men so that they desired to make their names along withthe victory of a battle.

④Helping your fellow man was an important aspect of life in ancientGreece.Ancient Greeks were kind and generous. They offered food,shelter and protection travelers without question. They believed thathelping others was their brotherly duty.

⑤Loyalty is perhaps the most important value of ancient Greekcivilization. It was stressed in everything the Greeks did. They believed inloyalty to the family, the community and most importantly to the gods. The gods of ancient Greece often sent tests to citizens. Keeping faiththrough the tests was a sign of loyalty and belief.

Task 1

A.Education in ancient Greece

B.Friendliness of ancient Greeks

C.Wars in ancient Greece

D.Impact of ancient Greek values

E.Top value of ancient Greeks

F.Sense of honor of ancient Greeks

Paragraph ① :________

Paragraph ④ :________

Paragraph ② :________

Paragraph ③ :________

Ancient Greeks saw it as a duty () .

Task 2

A.to go to school

B.in many countries

C.to achieve honor

D.in whatever they did

E.to study law

F.to help others Ancient

Greek values arc held() .

Paragraph ⑤:________

Young men in ancient Greece were required() .

Young Greeks had a strong desire() .

Ancient Greeks stressed loyalty () .

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第3题

During the second half of 1776, the British had driven Washington's armies from their stro

ngholds in and near New York City. Washington retreated, moving southeast across New Jersey.

Before his army reached the shores of the Delaware, he sent soldiers ahead to bring together all the boats they could find. When the British arrived at the east bank early in December, the Colonials were safely across. And the British could find only two small boats on a pond.

For the time being, the British gave up the chase. They set up camp at Trenton and at other strongholds along the Delaware.

Washington had the boats on the Pennsylvania side, but that was about all he had. Food was short, and many soldiers were too iii to march. And any day now, the river might freeze, making it possible for the British force to cross into Pennsylvania.

If the struggle for freedom was to continue, Washington had to have a victory. Finally he decided to re-cross the Delaware at Mckonkey's Ferry. That was nine miles up river from Trenton. Washington's plan was to cross under cover of darkness on Christmas night and attack the 2,000 to 3,000 British soldiers in Trenton. The general expected that the enemy force would still be celebrating the holiday. On the evening of December 25, Washington gave the orders to cross. It was sleeting snowing, and the river was filled with floating ice. Finally, his force of more than 2,000 men was on the Jersey side. It was after 2 a.m.. In a battle that lasted less than two hours, they defeated the enemy force. Washington had the victory he needed.

This story is about______.

A．the battle for human rights and progress

B．the battle of Delaware River

C．the American Civil War

D．the American War of Independence

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第4题

根据下面材料，回答题。 HerculesOnce upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He

根据下面材料，回答题。

Hercules

Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow (弓).

He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.

Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens (歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.

So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he asked him for help.

Atlas answered, "My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you？"

Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, "Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. I&39;m going to see the king with the apples."

Hercules knew that he couldn&39;t fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted: "Just one minute&39;s help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion (垫子) for my shoulders."

Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky. Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.

Hercules was the tallest man in the world. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第5题

Some surveys show that a lot of people believe that the glare from snow causes snow-blindn

ess. Yet, wearing dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snow-blindness, when exposed to several hours of "snow light".

The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow actually does not cause snow-blindness in troops in snow-covered country. Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of a wide snow-covered territory. His gaze, in consequence, continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something he can look at. Finding nothing to focus on, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching, and the eyeballs will become sore and eye muscles will ache. Nature reduces this uncomfortable feeling by producing more and more fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision becomes increasingly unclear. The result may be total, even though temporary, snow-blindness.

Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. A small group of soldiers will be sent ahead of a main body of troops. They are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even these soldiers themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead, on which they, too, can focus. The men following them can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and, having found something to see, stop searching the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on lone object at a time, the troops can cross the snow-covered wilderness without becoming hopelessly snow-blind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white territory is overcome.

Dark glasses have proved to be ______ in overcoming headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow.

A．useless

B．useful

C．available

D．fruitless

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第6题

听力原文：In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious

听力原文： In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympic athletic festival, held every four years in honor of Zeus, eventually lost its local character, be came first a national event, and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B. C.

The Games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored people were not allowed to compete. Records show that the evening of the third day was devoted to sacrificial offerings to the heroes of the day, and the fourth day, that of the full moon, was set aside as a holy day. On the sixth and last day, all the victors were crowned with holy garlands of wild olive from a sacred wood. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.

After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were abolished in A.D. 394 be cause of their pagan origin. It was a great many years before there was another such international athletic gathering. The Greek institution was brought back into existence in 1896 and the first small meeting took place in Athens. After the 1908 London Olympics, success was re-established and nations sent their best representatives.

Today, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolizes the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony.

(33)

A．in the seventh century A. D.

B．certainly before 700 B. C.

C．over three thousand years ago

D．a thousand years ago

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第7题

In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associat

ions. The Olympian athletic festival,【C1】______every four years in【C2】______of Zeus, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event, and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been given up,【C3】______. No one knows exactly how far【C4】______the Olympic Games go , but some official records【C5】______from 666 B. C.

After an【C6】______history of almost 1, 200 years, the Games were put an end【C7】______in A. D. 394, the Christian era. It was over 1, 500 years【C8】______there was【C9】______such international athletics gathering. The Greek institution was restored in 1796 and the first small meeting【C10】______place in Athens. After the 1907 London Olympics, success was re-established and nations sent their best representatives. In【C11】______of peace, the Games have taken place【C12】______since at four yearly【C13】______ . In Munich in 1962, competitors from more than 120 countries were watched by【C14】______crowds.

Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries【C15】______turn. The host country【C16】______vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living quarters, but【C17】______countries pay their own athletes expenses. Athletic contests are still the main feature, but now many more sports are represented. The marathon races, started in 1796, are now a popular event.

The Olympics start【C18】______the arrival in the stadium of a torch,【C19】______on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a【C20】______of runners to the stadium.

【C1】

A．held

B．met

C．happened

D．occurred

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第8题

"Lost City" Explored Using High-Speed NetworksUndersea exploration is now as close as the

"Lost City" Explored Using High-Speed Networks

Undersea exploration is now as close as the nearest computer. "Telepresence" (远程呈现) technology lets scientists -- and the public -- join expeditions without leaving dry land.

A just completed expedition to the Lost City, an unusual undersea vent formation in the Atlantic Ocean, showcased the technology. The project used a network of satellites and high-speed Internet access to connect participants across many miles of land and sea.

During the expedition undersea explorer Robert Ballard and the crew aboard the National Ocean ic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research ship Ronald H. Brown were anchored above the Lost City site. Meanwhile co-chief scientist Debbie Kelley and her colleagues were some 4,500 miles (7,250 kilometers) away on the University of Washington campus in Seattle.

At launch on July 17 Ballard described the project as a "precedent-setting ocean expedition that raises the bar on use of communications technology."

"Normally on a deep-ocean expedition, I talk with the mission's chief scientist across a table on the research vessel," he said. "In this case we talk across the planet."

Ballard's Institute for Exploration (IFE) in Mystic, Connecticut, supplied its veteran robotic vehicles, Hercules and Argus, to do the diving. The robots sent high-resolution images taken some 2,100 feet (700 meters) below the surface to the Ronald H. Brown.

The images were transferred via satellite from the ship to receivers at the University of Rhode Island in Kingston. They were then sent across country to the team at the University of Washington.

All told, data from the Lost City travelled nearly 5,000 miles (8,050 kilometers) in less than two seconds. Technology Boosts "Crew" Size, Expertise

Real-time deep-sea images have been beamed around the globe before. Ballard, who discovered the undersea wreck of the Titanic in 1985 ,returned to the site in 2004 and sent images to scientists at the University of Rhode Island.

But this time the lead scicentists directing the expedition's research operations joined the dive virtually.

"We had a team of engineers and pilots who controlled the remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and were taking instructions at all times from the University of Washington (science team)," Dwight Coleman said. Coleman is a professor of marine science at the University of Rhode Island and a colleague of Ballard's at IFE.

Only so many people can live aboard a research ship. And although a large vessel may accommodate a science party of 30, half must be engineers who maintain and operate the ROVs.

The number of researchers is thus limited by ship space, as well as by scheduling, budgets, and other real-world concerns. Telepresence provides an intriguing(令人好奇的) solution.

"When you're doing exploration, you're never sure what expertise you'll need, because you're never sure what you'll find," Coleman said. "This technology provides the capability to network in experts on a specific subject from around the world. You can invite everybody aboard the ship."

The technology seems to have a bright future. NOAA is converting a former U. S. Navy vessel, the U. S. N. S. Capable, into a research vessel dubbed the Okeanos Explorer (okeanos is the ancient Greek term for "ocean" ). The ship will be specially outfitted for future telepresence missions.

Of course, telepresence technology isn't exactly like being at sea.

In her online expedition log, co-chief scientist Deborah Kelley described the nearly surreal scene as Hercules first touched bottom. Kelley and her science team watched the action via cameras carried by. Argus, hovering some 100 feet (30 meters) above the seafloor.

"This was a view like no other I ha

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第9题

Of all the foods we know, fruit is one of the most healthful. It is also one of the most t

asty foods. Almost everyone enjoys fruit. Fruit is grown in almost every part of the world. There are hundreds of different kinds of fruits. And there are thousands of different varieties. In the United States alone, there are several hundred types of apples.

In general, though, there are three separate groups. There are tropical fruits. These are most important. In this group, we have bananas and pineapples. They are shipped from tropical countries and are eaten all over the world.

Next come the subtropical fruits. The most important of these are the citrus fruits. Oranges, tangerines, limes, and grapefruit are favorites. Other fruits in this class are figs, dates, and olives.

The last group comes from the temperate zone. In this group are pears, apples, grapes, and plums. Many kinds of berries fit this group, too.

Fruits are very important to the human diet. Besides being tasty, they provide important acids, salts, and vitamins. Also, they are easy to digest. Nutrition experts say that the more fruit people eat, the healthier they become.

Down through the centuries fruit has played a part in tales and history. In a Greek myth, Hercules sent Atlas to pick "golden apples" to pay for a crime. Today we believe these golden apples were oranges. During the 1700's, British ships began to carry limes. It was found that sailors who drank the lime juice did not get sick. Since that time, British sailors have been called "limeys."

The peach also has an exciting history. It has been a world traveler. Its journey began many, many centuries ago. Peaches were first grown in China. From China, traders of long ago carried peach trees to Persia. From there, Alexander the Great brought the fruit to Europe. From Europe, Spanish ships carried peaches to the New World.

Through the years, fruit trees and plants have been improved. Today's fruits are bigger. They also taste better. Different kinds of fruits are often being bred. We now have fruit that can travel to all parts of the world and still stay fresh. Even after traveling for some time, these new fruits keep the vitamins and minerals that are so good for our diet. Fruit will always be prized as a basic food that now can be enjoyed the whole year round.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the text？

A．Most people enjoy eating fruit.

B．Fruit can be grown almost all over the world.

C．There are less than a hundred kinds of fruits.

D．There are three groups of fruits.

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第10题

False teeth have been found in Italy in human heads that are over 2,500 years old

False teeth have been found in Italy in human heads that are over 2,500 years old. They were made of bone and set in gold. However，for hundreds of years afterwards，the apparent dental skill of those early people was lost. Without false teeth people looked old before their time，since so many lost their teeth at an early age.

Toward the end of the 17th century，rich people could buy false teeth made from ivory. The teeth were tied together with silk thread，but it was difficult to keep them in the mouth. That was why rich people would rather buy teeth from the poor who would often sell their teeth to buy food and clothing.

Early in the 18th century a French doctor used steel springs to hold teeth in place. However，it was difficult to close one‘s mouth! Late in the same century porcelain (瓷)teeth set in gold were often used to make false teeth.

Although the use of artificial teeth increased，human teeth continued to be used also. In the 19th century，teeth from soldiers killed in battle were made into artificial teeth. For example，teeth from the dead in the American Civil War were sent to England.

By the middle of the 19th century，an American doctor，Claudius Ash，invented a better kind of porcelain tooth made of a special kind of hard rubber.

26.When did people with the earliest false teeth live according to the passage？

[A] At the end of the 17th century.

[B] In the early 18th century.

[C] In the middle of the 19th century.

[D] Over 2,500 years ago.

27.Which material would wealthy people use to make artificial teeth in 1693？

[A] Porcelain.

[B] Hard rubber.

[C] Ivory.

[D] Bone.

28.Who first used steel springs to tie false teeth together according to the passage？

[A] An Italian doctor.

[B] A French doctor.

[C] An American doctor.

[D] An English doctor.

29.We can learn from the passage that ___________.

[A] one looked older than his real age with artificial teeth

[B] we are using the same method as ancient people in making false teeth

[C] poor people would often sell their teeth to get money in the 17th century

[D] human teeth were no longer used in making false teeth after the 18th century

30.The passage is mainly about ___________.

[A] the discovery of false teeth

[B] the material of false teeth

[C] the use of false teeth

[D] the history of false teeth Passage Three

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