A.实际GDP是事后统计出来的GDP
B.实际GDP是相对于实现GDP(actual GDP)而言的
C.实际GDP是相对于潜在GDP而言的
D.实际GDP是在纵向比较时排除了价格变化因素计算出来的
考虑下列每一个事件会如何影响实际GDP。你认为实际GDP的变动反映了经济福利相似的变动吗?
a.佛罗里达的飓风迫使迪斯尼乐园停业一个月。
b.新的、更容易种植的小麦品种的开发增加了农民的收成。
c.工会和经理之间对抗的加剧引发了一场罢工。
d.全国企业经历着需求减少,这使企业解雇工人。
e.议会通过新环境法,该法禁止企业使用排出大量污染物的生产方法。
f.更多的高中生辍学从事剪草坪的工作。
g.全国的父亲减少工作周数,以便把更多的时间用于与孩子在一起。
Consider how each of the following events is likely to affect real GDP. Do you think the change in real GDP reflects a similar change in economic well-being?
a.A hurricane in Florida forces Disney World to shut down for a month.
b.The discovery of a new, easy-to-grow strain of wheat increases farm harvests.
c.Increased hostility between unions and management sparks a rash of strikes.
d.Firms throughout the economy experience falling demand,causing them to lay off workers.
e.Congress passes new environmental laws that prohibit firms from using production methods that emit large quantities of pollution.
f.More high-school students drop out of school to take jobs mowing lawns.
g.Fathers around the country reduce their workweeks to spend more time with their children.
According to real business cycle theory, permanent and transitory shocks to technology should have very different effects on the economy. Use the parable of Robinson Crusoe to compare the effects of a transitory shock (good weather expected to last only a few days) and a permanent shock (a beneficial change in weather patterns). Which shock would have a greater effect on Crusoe's work effort? On GDP? Is it possible that one of these shocks might reduce work effort?